Frequency of oil change is determined by the type of operation and by operating conditions. Under normal operating conditions, oil should be changed after each 50 hours of operation. High speed, heavy load and extremely dusty conditions necessitate more frequent changes. A comparison of the oil on the indicator with fresh oil will usually serve as a guide. Lack of body, the presence of dirt or grit and excessive darkening of the oil indicate that fresh oil is needed. The oil capacity is 5 quarts. Add one additional quart when the filter element is replaced. Drain the oil while the engine is hot, as the oil will flow freely and carry more dirt and other foreign matter with it.

If SAE 5W Engine Oil is not available, dilute SAE 1OW engine oil with kerosene. Fill the crankcase with SAE 1OW engine oil so that the oil level indicator shows "FULL." Add one pint of kerosene and run the engine for a few minutes to mix the kerosene and oil thoroughly. Stop the engine and check the oil level indicator reading. During operation, check the oil level frequently as oil consumption may increase due to the use of light engine oil. Replenish the crankcase with SAE 1OW Engine Oil when necessary.

Between oil changes, check the oil level daily. The oil level indicator (Fig. 19) is of the bayonet type, with two markings, "FULL" and "ADD OIL." After the engine has been standing, the oil level should be at the "FULL" mark. After the engine has started, this level will drop somewhat, due to the filling of oil passages and the oil filter. A quart of oil should be added when the level is at or slightly below the "ADD OIL" mark. Do not run the engine with the oil level below the "ADD OIL" mark.

COLD WEATHER OPERATION

During cold weather, examine the oil daily for evidence of sludge or water resulting from condensation of moisture in the crankcase. Under extreme conditions, the engine may not reach normal operating temperature during a short run, with the result that fumes are not dissipated in the crankcase and sludge forms. This sludge may freeze or clog the oil inlet strainer, retarding lubrication of internal parts. If there is evidence of sludge, change the oil. If excessive sludge accumulation is evident, remove the oil pan and clean all accessible parts, including the oil inlet strainer, as thoroughly as possible. Use a new oil pan gasket when installing the oil pan.

OIL FILTER

The "Full Flow" oil filter as shown in Figure 20 means that all the oil delivered under full pressure to the working parts of the engine goes through the filter before entering the oil passages.

This type of filter assures a constant flow of clean oil to the engine and is so constructed and installed that it is impossible for the supply of oil to be cut off even though the filter becomes clogged.

The filter element is of the economical replaceable type and should be replaced every 100 hours or prior to this time, or in extremely dusty conditions and if the oil appears to be excessively dirty.

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REMOVING AND INSTALLING "FULL-FLOW" FILTER ELEMENT

While the engine is warm, remove the filter drain plug and drain the oil. Remove the clamp screw from the clamp ring, open the ring and remove the filter cover, the cover gasket and the filter element. Wipe the housing clean and install the new filter element. Install a new cover gasket and the cover. Close the clamp ring and install the retaining screw. Be sure the drain plug is in place before starting the engine.

CARBURETOR AIR CLEANER

The carburetor air cleaner (Fig. 21) should be inspected after each 50 hours of operation or oftener, depending on operating conditions. Dirt level above the lower off-set in the reservoir calls for cleaning of the unit.

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REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF THE
CARBURETOR AIR FILTER

Remove the cover filter element and clean in kerosene. Allow to drain. Unscrew the clamp screw and remove the reservoir and the gasket between the reservoir and the carburetor. Clean the reservoir thoroughly and install the reservoir with the gasket on the carburetor. Be sure the gasket is in good condition. Use a new gasket, if possible, and be sure the reservoir fits securely on the carburetor. Tighten the clamp screw. Refill

the reservoir to the indicated level with one pint of SAE 50 Engine Oil for temperatures above 32 degrees F., or SAE 20W for temperatures consistently below 32 degrees F. Do not overfill reservoir, as excess oil in the air cleaner may be sucked into the engine through the carburetor. Install the filter element and cover.

CRANKCASE VENTILATING AIR CLEANERS

After each 50 hours of operation, or with each oil change, remove the air cleaner from the oil filler pipe and one from the ventilator outlet pipe, wash in kerosene, dry and reoil with SAE 50 Engine Oil.

WATER PUMP

The water pump has one fitting. Lubricate with water pump grease after each 25 hours of operation.

GENERATOR

Lubrication is the same for both the Pierce and the Hoof Governor. Check the oil level in the governor housing daily by removing the inspection hole plug at the rear of the housing. The level should be even with the lower edge of the inspection hole. To replenish the oil, remove the filler hole plug at the top of the housing and fill with engine oil until oil reaches the correct level. Use oil of the same viscosity as that in the engine crankcase.

TORQUE CONVERTER

Remove the oil dip stick at the side of the torque converter housing and inspect the level of the oil in the converter after each engine start,

or after 8 hours if the converter is in continuous operation. If necessary, replenish with MOPAR Fluid Drive Fluid or SAE 1OW Engine Oil. After 500 hours of operation drain and refill the assembly.

To drain the oil pan reservoir, remove the drain plug at the bottom of the oil pan.

To drain the torque converter unit, remove the torque converter housing screen, remove the drain plug from the torque converter unit and allow the oil to drain. Rotate the unit one-half revolution and remove the opposite drain plug. Allow the remainder of the oil to drain.

To refill the converter unit, re-install the two drain plugs and the oil pan plug. Fill the oil reservoir with MOPAR Fluid Drive Fluid. Start the engine, and run at 500 rpm's with transmission in neutral. This will allow the fluid to fill the torque converter. With the engine running, continue adding fluid to the reservoir until the fluid level remains constant at the full mark on the dip stick.

INSPECTION 5-SPEED REGULAR OR 5-SPEED HEAVY DUTY TRANSMISSION

Remove the filler plug and inspect the level of the lubricant after each 50 hours of operation. Level should be at bottom of the filler plug opening. Replenish, if necessary, with fluid gear lubricant of the proper grade. For temperatures above - 10 degrees F., use SAE 90 and for temperatures below -10 degrees F., use SAE 80. If SAE 80 is not available, use a blend of four parts SAE 90 to one part SAE 1OW Engine Oil. Do not use a lubricant heavier than SAE 90. Drain and refill the transmission prior to anticipated temperature change or after each 5500 hours of operation. The capacity of the regular 5-speed transmission is 9-2/3 pints, and that of the 5-speed heavy duty transmission is 16 pints. If the unit is equipped with a power take-off, add 1-1/2 pints.

POWER TAKE-OFF

Three lubrication fittings are provided for this assembly, one or two on the side of the housing and one at the end of the shaft. On some units, the fitting for the clutch release bearing is inside the housing. It is made accessible by removing a small plate at the left side of the housing. (See Fig. 18.) For some types of installation, the drive shaft must be lubricated from the side, rather than the end. In such case, remove the small plug from the shaft and install a fitting in its place. Remove the fitting from the end of the shaft and replace with the plug. Lubricate the clutch release daily with general purpose grease, and lubricate the drive shaft after each 50 hours of operation.